Tributyl phosphate (TMP) is an organic compound that belongs to the phosphate class together with dimethyl phosphate and monomethyl phosphate. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with the characteristics of low toxicity and low volatility. As a chemical widely used in the chemical industry, pesticides, coatings, and other fields, the production and application of tributyl phosphate have attracted more and more attention. This article mainly introduces the application methods and common uses of tributyl phosphate.
1. Application method of tributyl phosphate
Tributyl phosphate is usually used as an efficient solvent and catalyst and has been widely used in industrial fields such as pesticides, synthetic resins, coatings, and lubricants. Its usage is as follows:
1. Used as a catalyst
Add tributyl phosphate into the reaction system to accelerate the reaction process by generating intermediates. The catalyst has good selectivity and is widely used in various esterification, condensation, polymerization, and other reactions. For example, in the amide synthesis process, using tributyl phosphate for an N-alkylation reaction can increase the reaction speed and reduce the occurrence of side reactions.
2. Used as an efficient solvent
By using tributyl phosphate as a solvent, the polymer can be easily dissolved, the reaction speed can be fast, and the surface tension, viscosity, and other properties of the product can be improved. Tributyl phosphate can be blended with a variety of organic solvents to reduce the viscosity of the reaction and increase the solubility of the reactants and products, thereby improving process efficiency. For example, tributyl phosphate is widely used as a solvent in the preparation process of coatings and synthetic resins.
3. Used as softener
Tributyl phosphate can chemically react with a variety of basic substances to form tributyl phosphate salts. These products have good softening effects and are often used in dry plastic softeners, fiber softeners, and other fields. For example, tributyl phosphate and octanoic acid are reacted to obtain tributyl phosphate octanoate. This salt can be used as an additive for plastic softeners and has excellent flexibility, heat resistance, and light stability.
2. Common uses of tributyl phosphate
1. Used in the field of pesticides
Tributyl phosphate is often used as a diluent for pesticides or a solvent for capsules, which can improve the dispersion and absorption of pesticides and increase the bactericidal effect and action time of pesticides. For example, mixing tributyl phosphate with pesticides such as trichlorfon can exert its synergistic effect, enhance the bactericidal effect of pesticides, and extend the sterilization time.
2. Used in coating field
Tributyl phosphate is also widely used in the field of coatings. It can be used as a paint thinner to reduce paint viscosity and enhance paint fluidity and brushability. At the same time, tributyl phosphate will not damage or affect the coating performance of coatings. Therefore, it is often used to prepare various wood coatings, architectural coatings, latex paints, etc. During the coating process, tributyl phosphate can also be used to adjust the thickness of the coating film and promote the dispersion and mordant dyeing of various substances.
3. Used in the field of chemical reagents
Tributyl phosphate is an important catalyst for many chemical reagents, which can promote the reaction of inorganic and organic compounds and increase the reaction rate and yield. For example, using tributyl phosphate for the formation reaction of chloride in aqueous solution can greatly increase the yield of chloride. At the same time, tributyl phosphate can also be used in the preparation of various chemical reagents such as synthetic polymers, graft polymerization, and esterification reactions.
4. Used in plastic field
Tributyl phosphate can be used as a plastic modifier or plasticizer to improve the toughness, strength, wear resistance, and temperature resistance of plastics. For example, adding tributyl phosphate to polyamide, nylon, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and other plastics can enhance the mechanical properties, electrical properties, and high-temperature resistance of the plastics.
5. Used in the field of water treatment and defoaming
The main component of tributyl phosphate defoamer is tributyl phosphate, which also contains a variety of auxiliary additives with various functions. For the foaming liquid that has formed large bubbles and small bubbles, its surface tension can be quickly reduced, thereby destroying the stability of the foam film, and achieving a rapid defoaming effect. At the same time, a tributyl phosphate defoaming agent can be stored in the foaming liquid for a long time, and the defoaming activity is not easily affected by the external environment, effectively hindering the foaming tendency of the solution, which is also known as the "foam suppression function". powerful.
In general, tributyl phosphate is widely used in various industries. It has the advantages of low toxicity, odorless, and low volatility, and has become one of the important raw materials in many chemical fields.
